TIME | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
European Union - 27 countries (from 2020) | 3.8 | 3.8 | 3.7 | 3.6 | 3.6 | 3.6 | 3.5 | 3.4 | 3.4 | 3.3 | 3.2 | 3.3 |
Euro area – 20 countries (from 2023) | 3 | 3.2 | ||||||||||
Euro area - 19 countries (2015-2022) | 3.4 | 3.3 | 3.3 | 3.2 | 3.3 | 3.3 | 3.3 | 3.3 | 3.2 | 3.1 | 3 | 3.1 |
Belgium | 3.4 | 3.8 | 3.5 | 3.4 | 3.3 | 3.2 | 3.6 | 3.8 | 3.7 | 3.3 | 2.9 | 2.9 |
Bulgaria | 8.5 | 7.8 | 7.3 | 7.6 | 6.6 | 6.5 | 6.4 | 5.8 | 5.6 | 5.1 | 5.6 | 4.8 |
Czechia | 2.7 | 2.6 | 2.5 | 2.4 | 2.5 | 2.8 | 2.7 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.3 | 2.2 | 2.3 |
Denmark | 3.5 | 3.4 | 3.5 | 4 | 3.7 | 3.1 | 3.8 | 3.7 | 3 | 3.2 | 3.1 | 3.3 |
Germany | 3.6 | 3.3 | 3.3 | 3.2 | 3.3 | 3.4 | 3.3 | 3.2 | 3.2 | 3.1 | 3 | 3.2 |
Estonia | 2.5 | 3.6 | 2.1 | 2.7 | 2.5 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.4 | 2.2 | 2.2 |
Ireland | 3.5 | 3.5 | 3.6 | 3.3 | 3.4 | 3 | 3 | 2.9 | 2.8 | 3 | 3.2 | 3.2 |
Greece | 3.4 | 2.9 | 3.7 | 3.7 | 4 | 4.2 | 3.5 | 3.5 | 3.7 | 3.2 | 3.5 | 3 |
Spain | 3.1 | 3.1 | 2.7 | 2.8 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.5 | 2.6 |
France | 3.5 | 3.5 | 3.6 | 3.5 | 3.7 | 3.7 | 3.9 | 3.8 | 3.8 | 3.6 | 3.7 | 4 |
Metropolitan France | 3.3 | 3.3 | ||||||||||
Croatia | 4.7 | 3.6 | 4.1 | 5 | 4.1 | 4.3 | 4 | 4.2 | 4 | 4 | 3.8 | 4.1 |
Italy | 2.9 | 2.9 | 2.9 | 2.8 | 2.9 | 2.8 | 2.7 | 2.8 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.3 | 2.3 |
Cyprus | 3.1 | 3.5 | 1.6 | 2.1 | 2.7 | 2.6 | 1.3 | 2.4 | 2.6 | 2.1 | 2.7 | 3.1 |
Latvia | 6.6 | 6.3 | 4.4 | 3.8 | 4.1 | 3.7 | 4.1 | 3.2 | 3.4 | 3.5 | 2.7 | 2.4 |
Lithuania | 4.8 | 3.9 | 3.7 | 3.9 | 4.2 | 4.5 | 3 | 3.4 | 3.3 | 2.8 | 3.1 | 3 |
Luxembourg | 4.3 | 2.5 | 3.9 | 2.8 | 2.8 | 3.8 | 3.2 | 4.3 | 4.7 | 4.5 | 3.1 | 3.5 |
Hungary | 4.9 | 4.9 | 5 | 4.5 | 4.2 | 3.9 | 3.5 | 3.3 | 3.6 | 3.4 | 3.3 | 3.6 |
Malta | 6.5 | 5.3 | 6.7 | 5 | 5.8 | 7.4 | 6.7 | 5.6 | 6.7 | 3.9 | 3.9 | 5.3 |
Netherlands | 3.6 | 3.7 | 3.8 | 3.6 | 3.3 | 3.5 | 3.6 | 3.5 | 3.6 | 3.8 | 3.3 | 3.2 |
Austria | 3.6 | 3.2 | 3.1 | 3 | 3.1 | 3.1 | 2.9 | 2.7 | 2.9 | 3.1 | 2.7 | 2.4 |
Poland | 4.7 | 4.6 | 4.6 | 4.2 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 3.8 | 3.8 | 3.6 | 3.9 | 3.8 |
Portugal | 3.1 | 3.4 | 2.9 | 2.9 | 2.9 | 3.2 | 2.7 | 3.3 | 2.8 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.6 |
Romania | 9.4 | 9 | 8.9 | 8.2 | 7.5 | 6.8 | 6.5 | 6 | 5.8 | 5.6 | 5.2 | 5.7 |
Slovenia | 2.9 | 1.6 | 2.9 | 1.8 | 1.6 | 2 | 2.1 | 1.7 | 2.1 | 2.2 | 1.8 | 2.5 |
Slovakia | 4.9 | 5.8 | 5.5 | 5.8 | 5.1 | 5.4 | 4.5 | 5 | 5.1 | 5.1 | 4.9 | 5.4 |
Finland | 2.4 | 2.4 | 1.8 | 2.2 | 1.7 | 1.9 | 2 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 2 |
Sweden | 2.1 | 2.6 | 2.7 | 2.2 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.4 | 2 | 2.1 | 2.4 | 1.8 | 2.2 |
Iceland | 0.9 | 1.1 | 1.8 | 2.1 | 2.2 | 0.7 | 2.7 | 1.7 | 1.1 | 2.9 | 3.3 | 1.4 |
Liechtenstein | 2.5 | 8.4 | 5.9 | 2.7 | 6.2 | 2.6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5.7 | 5.3 | 0 |
Norway | 2.4 | 2.5 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.3 | 2.2 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.1 | 1.7 | 1.9 | 1.9 |
Switzerland | 3.8 | 3.6 | 3.9 | 3.9 | 3.9 | 3.6 | 3.5 | 3.3 | 3.3 | 3.6 | 3.1 | 3.8 |
United Kingdom | 4.2 | 4 | 3.9 | 3.9 | 3.9 | 3.8 | 3.9 | 3.9 | ||||
Bosnia and Herzegovina | 5.4 | |||||||||||
Montenegro | 4.4 | 4.4 | 4.4 | 4.9 | 2.2 | 3.4 | 1.3 | 1.7 | 2.4 | 2.8 | 1.4 | |
Moldova | 11 | 10.2 | 9.5 | 9.6 | 9.4 | 8.7 | 9 | |||||
North Macedonia | 7.6 | 9.8 | 10.2 | 9.9 | 8.6 | 11.9 | 9.2 | 5.7 | 5.6 | 5.7 | 4.6 | |
Georgia | 12.1 | 11.1 | 9.5 | 8.6 | 9 | 9.6 | 8.1 | 7.9 | 7.9 | 7.6 | ||
Albania | 8.7 | 8.8 | 7.9 | 7.9 | 7.1 | 8.7 | 8 | 8.9 | 10.3 | 10 | 8.4 | 6.5 |
Serbia | 6.3 | 6.2 | 6.3 | 5.7 | 5.3 | 5.4 | 4.7 | 4.9 | 4.8 | 5 | 4.7 | 4 |
Türkiye | 11.7 | 11.6 | 10.8 | 11.1 | 10.7 | 10 | 9.2 | 9.3 | 9.1 | 9.3 | 9.2 | |
Ukraine | 9 | 8.4 | 8 | 7.8 | 8.1 | 7.4 | 7.7 | 7.1 | 7.1 | 6.8 | 7.2 | |
Kosovo* | 13.1 | 11.4 | 9.7 | 8.5 | 9.7 | 10.6 | 8.7 | |||||
Andorra | 1.8 | |||||||||||
Belarus | 3.8 | 3.3 | 3.4 | 3.5 | 3 | 3.2 | 3.2 | 2.5 | ||||
Russia | 7.3 | 8.2 | 7.4 | |||||||||
San Marino | 3.1 | 0 | 0 | |||||||||
Armenia | 11.7 | 8.7 | 8.9 | 8.7 | 8.2 | 7.1 | 7.3 | 6.7 | ||||
Azerbaijan | 10.8 | 10.8 | 10.8 | 9.7 | 12.2 | 10.4 | 11.8 | 11.1 | 11 | 9.8 |